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Stud Mycol 64(1): 155-1736 2009
DOI: 10.3114/sim.2009.64.09
Copyright © 2009 CBS Fungal Biodiversity Centre
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Molecular systematics of the marine Dothideomycetes

S. Suetrong1,2, C.L. Schoch3, J.W. Spatafora4, J. Kohlmeyer5, B. Volkmann-Kohlmeyer5, J. Sakayaroj2, S. Phongpaichit1, K. Tanaka6, K. Hirayama6 and E.B.G. Jones2,*

1 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
2 Bioresources Technology Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Road, Khlong 1, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
3 National Center for Biothechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, 45 Center Drive, MSC 6510, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-6510, U.S.A.
4 Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331, U.S.A.
5 Institute of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Morehead City, North Carolina 28557, U.S.A.
6 Faculty of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Hirosaki University, Bunkyo-cho 3, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan

* Correspondence: E.B. Gareth Jones, remispora{at}gmail.com

Phylogenetic analyses of four nuclear genes, namely the large and small subunits of the nuclear ribosomal RNA, transcription elongation factor 1-alpha and the second largest RNA polymerase II subunit, established that the ecological group of marine bitunicate ascomycetes has representatives in the orders Capnodiales, Hysteriales, Jahnulales, Mytilinidiales, Patellariales and Pleosporales. Most of the fungi sequenced were intertidal mangrove taxa and belong to members of 12 families in the Pleosporales: Aigialaceae, Didymellaceae, Leptosphaeriaceae, Lenthitheciaceae, Lophiostomataceae, Massarinaceae, Montagnulaceae, Morosphaeriaceae, Phaeosphaeriaceae, Pleosporaceae, Testudinaceae and Trematosphaeriaceae. Two new families are described: Aigialaceae and Morosphaeriaceae, and three new genera proposed: Halomassarina, Morosphaeria and Rimora. Few marine species are reported from the Dothideomycetidae (e.g. Mycosphaerellaceae, Capnodiales), a group poorly studied at the molecular level. New marine lineages include the Testudinaceae and Manglicola guatemalensis in the Jahnulales. Significantly, most marine Dothideomycetes are intertidal tropical species with only a few from temperate regions on salt marsh plants (Spartina species and Juncus roemerianus), and rarely totally submerged (e.g. Halotthia posidoniae and Pontoporeia biturbinata on the seagrasses Posidonia oceanica and Cymodocea nodosum). Specific attention is given to the adaptation of the Dothideomycetes to the marine milieu, new lineages of marine fungi and their host specificity.

Taxonomic novelties: Aigialaceae Suetrong, Sakayaroj, E.B.G. Jones, Kohlm., Volkm.-Kohlm. & Schoch, fam. nov., Halomassarina Suetrong, Sakayaroj, E.B.G. Jones, Kohlm., Volkm.-Kohlm. & Schoch, gen. nov., Halomassarina thalassiae (Kohlm. & Volkm.-Kohlm.), Suetrong, Sakayaroj, E.B.G. Jones, Kohlm., Volkm.-Kohlm. & Schoch, comb. nov., Suetrong, Sakayaroj, E.B.G. Jones, Kohlm., Volkm.-Kohlm.,comb. nov., Clade V. Morosphaeriaceae Suetrong, Sakayaroj, E.B.G. Jones, & Schoch, fam. nov., Morosphaeria velataspora (K.D. Hyde & Borse) Suetrong,· Sakayaroj, E.B.G. Jones & Schoch, comb. nov., Morosphaeria ramunculicola (K.D. Hyde) Suetrong,· Sakayaroj, E.B.G. Jones & Schoch, comb. nov., Rimora Kohlm., Volkm-Kohlm., Suetrong, Sakayaroj, E.B.G. Jones, gen. nov., Rimora mangrovei (Kohlm. & Vittal) Kohlm.,Volkm-Kohlm., Suetrong, Sakayaroj, E.B.G. Jones, comb. nov.

Keywords Dothideomycetes / ecology / marine fungi / multi-locus / new genera / systematics




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