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Stud Mycol 55(1): 189-197 2006
Copyright © 2006 CBS Fungal Biodiversity Centre
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Species of Cercospora associated with grey leaf spot of maize

Pedro W. Crous1,*, Johannes Z. Groenewald1, Marizeth Groenewald1, Pat Caldwell2, Uwe Braun3 and Thomas C. Harrington4

1 Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD, Utrecht, The Netherlands
2 Department of Plant Pathology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P. Bag. 1, Scottsville 3209, South Africa
3 Martin-Luther-Universität, Institut für Geobotanik und Botanischer Garten, Herbarium, Neuwerk 21, D-06099 Halle, Germany
4 Department of Plant Pathology, Iowa State University, 351 Bessey Hall, Ames, Iowa, 50011, U.S.A.

* Correspondence: Pedro W. Crous, crous{at}cbs.knaw.nl

Grey leaf spot is a serious yield-reducing disease of maize (Zea mays) in many parts of the world where this crop is cultivated. The causal organism associated with the disease is Cercospora zeae-maydis. Two potential sibling species have been recognized as Groups I and II. The DNA sequences for the internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 & ITS2), the 5.8S rRNA gene, elongation factor 1-{alpha}, histone H3, actin and calmodulin gene regions suggest that Groups I and II are two distinct species. Furthermore, Cercospora zeae-maydis (Group I) can be distinguished from C. zeina sp. nov. (Group II) by its faster growth rate on artificial media, the ability to produce cercosporin, longer conidiophores, and broadly fusiform conidia. A PCR-based test that distinguishes the two species was developed using species-specific primers designed from the histone H3 gene.

Taxonomic novelties: Cercospora zeina Crous & U. Braun sp. nov.

Keywords Ascomycetes / Cercospora zeae-maydis / Cercospora zeina / grey leaf spot / maize / Mycosphaerella / systematics




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